  
        
        
         
        
        
        
      
        
      
        
      
       
     | 
    
      
        
       
      
       
       Complementary instruments 
      Telecommuting as a policy for transport demand management is most effective 
        when introduced with other demand management policies such as parking 
        regulation and pricing, road pricing and gasoline tax increases. 
      
      
         
          |   Types of instrument   | 
            Overcoming financial barriers  | 
            Overcoming political barriers  | 
            Compensating losers  | 
            Reinforcing benefits  | 
         
         
          |   Land-use   | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
         
         
          |   Attitudinal and behavioural   | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
         
         
          |   Infrastructure measures   | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
         
         
          |   Management of the infrastructure   | 
             -  | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
            Parking regulation  | 
         
         
          |   Information provision  | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
         
         
          |   Charging  | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
            -  | 
            Urban road charging,   | 
         
         
          | Workplace parking levies | 
         
         
          | Parking charges | 
         
       
       
       
        
       
      Text edited at the Institute for 
        Transport Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT 
          
      
        
        
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