Physical restrictions complementary instruments

Complementary instruments

Types of instrument	Instruments to overcome financial barriers	Instruments to overcome political barriers	Instruments to compensate losers	Instruments to reinforce benefits
Land use measures	-	Development densities including an increase in density throughout road capacity reduction area to reduce the need to travel	-	Development mix in which homes, jobs and shops are placed close together to reduce the need to travel
-	-	-	-	Development pattern designed to encourage use of public transport
Attitudinal and behavioral measures	-	Individualised marketing	-	Individualised marketing
		Flexible working hours		Flexible working hours
		Car clubs		Car clubs
		Ride sharing		Ride sharing
Infrastructure measures	-	All forms of public transport	All forms of public transport	All forms except car use measures
Management of the infrastructure	Intelligent transport systems	Bus priorities	Public transport service levels	Conventional traffic management
				Urban traffic control systems
				Traffic calming measures
				Regulatory restrictions
				Parking controls
			Bus priorities	Bus priorities
		Cycle lanes and priorities	Cycle lanes and priorities	Cycle lanes and priorities
Information provision	-	-	Fleet management systems	-
Pricing	-	-	Fares structures	Parking charges
			Fares structures	Urban road charging
			Concessionary fares of public transport	Fare measures of public transport